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Schematic representation of the antenna:

quados antenna diagram

INPUT DATA:


Select measurement units


Freq: MHz

Calculate

RESULT:


Javascript source code:
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Limitations and features of antenna calculations

Don't forget about antenna polarization. In the diagram, the antenna has a vertical polarization. Read more about the design features in the corresponding article. There is also a more detailed design diagram.

 

 
 
Comments  
hi
is there any high quality picture from wire connection to antenna?
wire must be connected to the reflector?

can i use thicker wire?
There is no connection to the reflector. You have to use a halfwave coaxial balun. How to make it and how to connect are in the Quados author article:
www.qsl.net/yu1aw/ANT_VHF/quados.pdf
The diagram is missing some important information: are the measurements from the core of the wire, or from the inside or outside wrt the other measurement point? I tried laying out a 6 square for 850 MHz, and E seems to be core-core, while D was outside-outside. If I laid out D as core-core, then F was wrong. Since this is inconsistent, I don't know what A, B, or C are supposed to be measured between.

Quoting Nico:

...are the measurements from the core of the wire, or from the inside or outside wrt the other measurement point?...


All dimensions are measured along the axes of the wire, i.e., from center to center of the wire. Distance to the reflector is the distance from the center of the wire to the surface of the reflector. This rule applies to all of our wire antenna calculators.
In that case, I need to report either a program bug or human error, because the numbers do not work out. When I lay out an end square for 850 MHz, if E is center of wire to center of wire, then D from center of wire makes F far too short. If E is inner edge to inner edge, and D is center of wire to center of wire, then F is correct. So,the problem seems to be the measurement for E. I'm guessing that someone entered the wrong measurement for E. I don't know if there's a problem with A, B or C, since an error wouldn't show up in layout the way the square does. I've laid it out several times, so I'm pretty sure I'm not making the error.
The problem only appears if we assume that all squares are perfect. Why so? This is wrong assuming. Look carefully at the author's drawing. At least the outer squares don't look like perfect squares.
That image makes the end squares look not-square, but the photos of the ends of the actual antennas make them look square. The image above might have been generated according to the calculations, which may be incorrect. If the squares are supposed to be not perfectly square, it's odd that they would be off by exactly the diameter of the wire. To me that looks more like human error in choosing the wrong spreadsheet value. It would be easy to shrug off the small off-squareness for 2.1 GHz or higher ("Just sloppy bending"), but it's quite noticeable for 850 MHz.

I'm partway through cutting mine out of sheet aluminum (corrected for the assumed error). I know that changes things, but even 1/4" copper tubing would be too heavy for my needs. I expect it will work. I really need a few dB more than my present biquad.
YU1AW made a calculation in the 4NEC2 electromagnetic simulator. Unfortunately, he did not make the model file publicly available, but it seems to me that he himself simplified the end squares just before simulating the antenna, while drawing the model in the 4NEC2. Nevertheless, the author's dimensions in the image have already been obtained from the simulation results and are most likely correct. Although I don't rule out human error at all. I agree that the antenna needs a more thorough analysis in more advanced program and also in practical measurements, but this has not yet been done. What sizes of aluminum strips do you use? In your location, 850 MHz is the 5th or 6th LTE band? I would like to make my own model of this antenna with the strip Quados element.
I don't see why changing the resonant frequency of the end squares would be "simplifying". If I'd designed the antenna, and found that shrinking the outer dimensions made a big improvement, I'm pretty sure I'd mention that in the article. This just seems like the kind of mistake commonly made: taking the wrong measurement point. Maybe he'd done earlier calculations using 0 radius lines, then switched to wire, but made a simple error on those outer lines.

My antenna is cut out of Al siding, the width the same as the recommended wire (5.8 mm). I've never found anything about strips having to be wider than round wire, and I doubt that it will make too big of a difference. Another option would be 1/4" wooden dowel, glued together and covered in foil. This isn't an expensive experiment. The reflector is angle Al, with .1 mm wire spaced 2 mm apart, for low wind resistance. It's for WCDMA 850(v). The LTE setting is less reliable. I'll post when I get it connected.
I think I found the cause of human error. Perhaps the author mistakenly considered that the angle at the vertex β is 45 degrees.


Actually, it is not. This angle is 50°. In this case, the calculation using ANSYS HFSS with the author's dimensions shows a minimum VSWR at a frequency of 2460 MHz.


Might need to increase the E size a bit.
I finally finished the antenna (with the end squares as 90 degree squares) and mounted it. My RSSI went from -99 to -90. I'm quite happy with that. The thin-wire reflector offers low wind resistance.

For connecting the coax to the flat aluminum, I drilled holes and made some small rivets from copper wire. Easy to solder to. Screws would work too.

As for the 50 degree angle, try changing E to E + diameter. I still think the easiest error that fits would be taking the wrong measuring point (outer edge rather than core). Maybe he did some earlier equations with one method, then changed but forgot one measurement.

Still happy with the improvement over the biquad. Bigger improvement than I expected.
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